【Spring源码分析】Bean的生命周期深究Spring中Bean的生命周期

1. 前言

　　Spring两大核心技术IOC和AOP。而Bean的生命周期IOC技术中的一个重要内容，所以本篇文章想梳理下Spring中Bean的生命周期，加深对Bean生命周期的理解。

2. bean的扩展接口

　　先来看个例子：

创建一个Book类，加上@Component标注这是一个Bean，

//Book.java

@Component
public class Book implements BeanNameAware, BeanClassLoaderAware, BeanFactoryAware,
        EnvironmentAware, EmbeddedValueResolverAware, ResourceLoaderAware,
        ApplicationEventPublisherAware, MessageSourceAware, ApplicationContextAware, BeanPostProcessor,
        InitializingBean,DisposableBean {
    public Book() {
        System.out.println("Book 正在调用Book()构造函数");
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("Book 调用@PostConstruct注解的方法");
    }
    @PreDestroy
    public void destrody() {
        System.out.println("Book 调用@PreDestroy注解的方法");
    }
    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Book 调用afterPropertiesSet()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setBeanFactory()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setBeanName(String name) {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setBeanName()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setBeanClassLoader()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setEnvironment()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setEmbeddedValueResolver()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Book 调用destroy()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setApplicationContext()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setApplicationEventPublisher()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setMessageSource(MessageSource messageSource) {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setMessageSource()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
        System.out.println("Book 调用setResourceLoader()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("Book 调用postProcessBeforeInitialization()方法");
        return bean;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("Book 调用postProcessAfterInitialization()方法");
        return bean;
    }
}

然后创建一个容器：

//main.java

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
        ac.scan("lu.ioc.lifecycle");
        ac.refresh();
        ac.close();
    }
}

运行程序，输出结果：

Book 正在调用Book()构造函数
Book 调用setBeanName()方法
Book 调用setBeanClassLoader()方法
Book 调用setBeanFactory()方法
Book 调用setEnvironment()方法
Book 调用setEmbeddedValueResolver()方法
Book 调用setResourceLoader()方法
Book 调用setApplicationEventPublisher()方法
Book 调用setMessageSource()方法
Book 调用setApplicationContext()方法
Book 调用@PostConstruct注解的方法
Book 调用afterPropertiesSet()方法
Book 调用@PreDestroy注解的方法
Book 调用destroy()方法

从以上的输出结果，可以看出Bean生命周期各接口的调用次序了。

图片来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/javazhiyin/p/10905294.html

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上图的原图有个错误的地方，就是红框标注的地方，这里把错误给改正了。这里有点要说明的地方就是【调用自定义初始化方法】和【调用自定义销毁方法】，指的是Bean中被@PostConstruct和@PreDestroy修饰的方法。

细心的小伙伴可能已经发现了，为什么没有调用BeanPostProcessor接口的方法？

其实BeanPostProcessor叫后置处理器接口，是供其他Bean创建时调用的方法，比如有另外一个Bean：ShuXueBook，在该bean创建时，会调用Book的BeanPostProcessor接口实现方法。该接口的目的就是给用户修改创建Bean的扩展。

3.BeanFactory接口继承关系

上图中圆圈的代表接口，长方形代表类。

4、ApplicationContext接口继承关系

5. 源码分析

　　对Spring的BeanFactory和ApplicationContext接口有了初步的认识以后，下面开始源码分析。

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
        ac.scan("lu.ioc.lifecycle");
        ac.refresh();
        ac.close();
    }
}

//在lu.ioc.lifecycle包下面有Main.java 和 config包
//在lu.ioc.lifecycle.config包下面：
//Book.java

@Component
public class Book implements BeanNameAware, BeanClassLoaderAware, BeanFactoryAware,
      EnvironmentAware, EmbeddedValueResolverAware, ResourceLoaderAware,
      ApplicationEventPublisherAware, MessageSourceAware, ApplicationContextAware, BeanPostProcessor,
      InitializingBean,DisposableBean {
   public Book() {
      System.out.println("Book 正在调用Book()构造函数");
   }

   @PostConstruct
   public void init() {
      System.out.println("Book 调用@PostConstruct注解的方法");
   }
   @PreDestroy
   public void destrody() {
      System.out.println("Book 调用@PreDestroy注解的方法");
   }
   @Override
   public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
      System.out.println("Book 调用afterPropertiesSet()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setBeanFactory()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setBeanName(String name) {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setBeanName()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setBeanClassLoader()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setEnvironment()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setEmbeddedValueResolver()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void destroy() throws Exception {
      System.out.println("Book 调用destroy()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setApplicationContext()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setApplicationEventPublisher()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setMessageSource(MessageSource messageSource) {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setMessageSource()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
      System.out.println("Book 调用setResourceLoader()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
      System.out.println("Book 调用postProcessBeforeInitialization()方法");
      return bean;
   }

   @Override
   public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
      System.out.println("Book 调用postProcessAfterInitialization()方法");
      return bean;
   }
}

//YuWenBook.java

@Component
public class YuWenBook implements BeanNameAware, BeanClassLoaderAware, BeanFactoryAware,
      EnvironmentAware, EmbeddedValueResolverAware, ResourceLoaderAware,
      ApplicationEventPublisherAware, MessageSourceAware, ApplicationContextAware,
      InitializingBean,DisposableBean{
   public YuWenBook() {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 正在调用Book()构造函数");
   }

   @PostConstruct
   public void init() {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用@PostConstruct注解的方法");
   }
   @PreDestroy
   public void destrody() {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用@PreDestroy注解的方法");
   }
   @Override
   public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用afterPropertiesSet()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setBeanFactory()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setBeanName(String name) {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setBeanName()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setBeanClassLoader()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setEnvironment()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setEmbeddedValueResolver()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void destroy() throws Exception {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用destroy()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setApplicationContext()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setApplicationEventPublisher()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setMessageSource(MessageSource messageSource) {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setMessageSource()方法");
   }

   @Override
   public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
      System.out.println("YuWenBook 调用setResourceLoader()方法");
   }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
　　　　　//创建一个Spring容器上下文对象
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
        //扫描 lu.ioc.lifecycle包下面的class文件，识别出spring要管理的Bean，然后定义成BeanDefinition。
　      ac.scan("lu.ioc.lifecycle");
　　　　　//这里是重点
        ac.refresh();
        ac.close();
    }
}

//ac.refresh()进入的代码如下：AbstractApplicationContext.java


@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
   synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
      // Prepare this context for refreshing.
      prepareRefresh();

      // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

      // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
      prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

      try {
         // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
         postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

         // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
         invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
         registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Initialize message source for this context.
         initMessageSource();

         // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
         initApplicationEventMulticaster();

         // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
         onRefresh();

         // Check for listener beans and register them.
         registerListeners();

         // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
         finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

         // Last step: publish corresponding event.
         finishRefresh();
      }

      catch (BeansException ex) {
         if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
            logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                  "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
         }

         // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
         destroyBeans();

         // Reset 'active' flag.
         cancelRefresh(ex);

         // Propagate exception to caller.
         throw ex;
      }

      finally {
         // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
         // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
         resetCommonCaches();
      }
   }
}

其实生命周期方法是在 prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory) 函数中添加的，进入：

    protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
        // Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
        beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
        beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
        beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

        // Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

        // BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
        // MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

        // Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

        // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
        if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
            // Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
            beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
        }

        // Register default environment beans.
        if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
        }
        if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
        }
        if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
        }
    }

我们来看下红色部分的代码 beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));

这里着重看下ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.java 这个类

class ApplicationContextAwareProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {

    private final ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext;

    private final StringValueResolver embeddedValueResolver;


    /**
     * Create a new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor for the given context.
     */
    public ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
        this.embeddedValueResolver = new EmbeddedValueResolver(applicationContext.getBeanFactory());
    }


    @Override
    @Nullable
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        if (!(bean instanceof EnvironmentAware || bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware ||
                bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware || bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware ||
                bean instanceof MessageSourceAware || bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware)){
            return bean;
        }

        AccessControlContext acc = null;

        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            acc = this.applicationContext.getBeanFactory().getAccessControlContext();
        }

        if (acc != null) {
            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
                return null;
            }, acc);
        }
        else {
            invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
        }

        return bean;
    }

    private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) {
        if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) {
            ((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment());
        }
        if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) {
            ((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver);
        }
        if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) {
            ((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext);
        }
        if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) {
            ((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext);
        }
        if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) {
            ((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);
        }
        if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
            ((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
        }
    }

看到这里大家应该知道Spring是如何提供可扩展的Aware接口了吧。

【Spring源码分析】Bean的生命周期 深究Spring中Bean的生命周期

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