SpringBoot2.0实战 | 第三章：单元测试

目标

编写测试用例，对已实现接口进行单元测试

操作步骤

添加依赖

引入 spring-boot-starter-test 的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

整体依赖如下所示

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

编码

测试用例编写在 src/test/java 源目录下

编写测试用例

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
public class UserTest {

    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testInsert() throws Exception {
        MvcResult mvcResult = mvc.perform(
                MockMvcRequestBuilders
                .post("/user/add")
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                .content("{\"name\":\"user1\",\"sex\":1,\"birthday\":\"2000-05-21\"}")
        )
//        .andExpect(status().isOk());
//        .andExpect(content().string("hello"))
        .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
        .andReturn();

        Assert.assertEquals(200, mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus());
    }

}

注解分析

// 指定 SpringRunner 作为单元测试的执行类，SpringRunner 是 spring-test 提供的测试执行单元类
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
// 模拟 ServletContext
@WebAppConfiguration
// 指定测试启动类，配置文件以及环境
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)