arduino之16*16点阵庆祝祖国70周年

　　之前电脑上存了很多自己写的关于arduino的有趣的小demo，因为重装了系统，不小心误删了所有的文件(气的半死)，所以现在准备一有空就重写一下之前写过的东东，顺带再温习一次，这次总不能再删了吧，嘿嘿。

这次主要想记录一下点阵的使用，方便以后查阅，也分享出来和伙伴们一起学习进步。这次在代码中，用的最多的就是指针的使用，就当回顾知识点了。

　　用到的材料：一个16*16点阵（由4块8*8的led点阵组成的），arduino的uno。

　　用到的库文件：LedControl.h ，因为点阵是使用的max7219，这个库很不错。

先看看效果，下面是视频链接：

arduino之庆祝祖国70周年

下面直接上代码，有兴趣的小伙伴可以玩玩。

  1 #include <LedControl.h>
  2 const int DIN = 12;
  3 const int CLK = 10;
  4 const int CS = 11;
  5 int maxLen;//字的总个数
  6 int row;//纵向移动数组的行数
  7 int col;//横向移动数组的列数
  8 //自定义函数
  9 void showWordByArr(LedControl led, byte[][2]); //通过数组显示
 10 void showWordByPtr(LedControl led, byte(*word)[2]); //通过数组指针显示
 11 void showWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2]); //显示一组文字
 12 void showTopMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2]); //向上移动显示文字
 13 void showLeftMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2]); //向左移动显示文字
 14 
 15 //初始化对象
 16 LedControl led = LedControl(DIN, CLK, CS , 4);
 17 byte a[][2] =  //实心五角星
 18 {
 19   0x01, 0x00, //第一，二个设备
 20   0x01, 0x00,
 21   0x03, 0x80,
 22   0x03, 0x80,
 23   0x03, 0x80,
 24   0x07, 0xC0,
 25   0xFF, 0xFE,
 26   0x7F, 0xFC,
 27   0x3F, 0xF8, //第三，四个设备
 28   0x0F, 0xE0,
 29   0x0F, 0xE0,
 30   0x1F, 0xF0,
 31   0x1E, 0xF0,
 32   0x18, 0x30,
 33   0x20, 0x08,
 34   0x00, 0x00
 35 };
 36 byte b[][2] =  //空心五角星
 37 {
 38   0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x80, 0x02, 0x80, 0x02, 0x80, 0x04, 0x40, 0xFC, 0x7E, 0x40, 0x04,
 39   0x30, 0x18, 0x08, 0x20, 0x08, 0x20, 0x11, 0x90, 0x16, 0x50, 0x18, 0x30, 0x20, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00
 40 };
 41 byte c[][2] =  //空心取反
 42 {
 43   0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFC, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x7F, 0xF8, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x03,
 44   0xC0, 0x07, 0xF0, 0x1F, 0xF0, 0x1F, 0xE0, 0x0F, 0xE1, 0x0F, 0xE7, 0xCF, 0xDF, 0xF7, 0xFF, 0xFF
 45 };
 46 
 47 byte topWords[][16][2] = //庆祝祖国70周年
 48 {
 49   {0x00},
 50   { 
 51       0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0x3F, 0xFE, 0x20, 0x00, 0x20, 0x80, 0x20, 0x80, 0x20, 0x80, 0x2F, 0xFC,
 52       0x20, 0x80, 0x21, 0x40, 0x21, 0x40, 0x22, 0x20, 0x42, 0x20, 0x44, 0x10, 0x88, 0x08, 0x10, 0x06
 53   },
 54   {
 55       0x20, 0x00, 0x13, 0xFC, 0x12, 0x04, 0xFA, 0x04, 0x0A, 0x04, 0x12, 0x04, 0x13, 0xFC, 0x38, 0x90,
 56       0x54, 0x90, 0x94, 0x90, 0x10, 0x90, 0x11, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x12, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0E, 0x18, 0x00
 57   },
 58   { 
 59       0x20, 0x00, 0x11, 0xF8, 0x11, 0x08, 0xF9, 0x08, 0x09, 0x08, 0x11, 0xF8, 0x11, 0x08, 0x39, 0x08,
 60       0x55, 0x08, 0x95, 0xF8, 0x11, 0x08, 0x11, 0x08, 0x11, 0x08, 0x11, 0x08, 0x17, 0xFE, 0x10, 0x00
 61   },
 62   { 
 63       0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x04, 0x40, 0x04, 0x5F, 0xF4, 0x41, 0x04, 0x41, 0x04, 0x4F, 0xE4,
 64       0x41, 0x04, 0x41, 0x44, 0x41, 0x24, 0x5F, 0xF4, 0x40, 0x04, 0x40, 0x04, 0x7F, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x04
 65   },
 66   { 
 67       0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0x18, 0x44, 0x24, 0x44, 0x42, 0x08, 0x42, 0x08, 0x42,
 68       0x10, 0x42, 0x10, 0x42, 0x10, 0x42, 0x10, 0x24, 0x10, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
 69   },
 70   { 
 71       0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0xF8, 0x21, 0x08, 0x21, 0x08, 0x2F, 0xE8, 0x21, 0x08, 0x21, 0x08, 0x3F, 0xF8,
 72       0x20, 0x08, 0x27, 0xC8, 0x24, 0x48, 0x24, 0x48, 0x27, 0xC8, 0x40, 0x08, 0x40, 0x28, 0x80, 0x10
 73   },
 74   { 
 75       0x10, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x1F, 0xFC, 0x20, 0x80, 0x20, 0x80, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1F, 0xF8, 0x10, 0x80,
 76       0x10, 0x80, 0x10, 0x80, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x80
 77   },
 78   {
 79       0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
 80       0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00
 81   }
 82  
 83 };
 84 byte words[][16][2]= //愿祖国繁荣昌盛，越来越好,
 85 {
 86     {
 87         0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xFE,0x20,0x80,0x27,0xF8,0x24,0x08,0x27,0xF8,0x24,0x08,0x27,0xF8,
 88         0x22,0x50,0x24,0x48,0x29,0x44,0x20,0x80,0x20,0x44,0x4A,0x42,0x4A,0x12,0x91,0xF0
 89     },
 90     { 
 91         0x20,0x00,0x11,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0xF9,0x08,0x09,0x08,0x11,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0x39,0x08,
 92         0x55,0x08,0x95,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0x11,0x08,0x11,0x08,0x11,0x08,0x17,0xFE,0x10,0x00
 93     },
 94     { 
 95         0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x5F,0xF4,0x41,0x04,0x41,0x04,0x4F,0xE4,
 96         0x41,0x04,0x41,0x44,0x41,0x24,0x5F,0xF4,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04
 97     },
 98     {
 99         0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x40,0x3E,0xBE,0x48,0x2A,0xA8,0xFF,0x28,0x4A,0x10,0x7F,0x28,
100         0x04,0x46,0x08,0x80,0x1F,0x00,0x02,0x10,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x08,0x15,0x20,0x22,0x10
101     },
102     {
103         0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x81,0x04,
104         0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,0x01,0x00
105     },
106     {
107         0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,
108         0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08
109     },
110     {
111         0x00,0x90,0x00,0x88,0x3F,0xFC,0x20,0x80,0x20,0x88,0x3E,0x48,0x22,0x50,0x22,0x24,
112         0x4A,0x54,0x44,0x8C,0x81,0x04,0x3F,0xF8,0x24,0x48,0x24,0x48,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00
113     },
114     {
115         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
116         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00
117     },
118     {
119         0x10,0x28,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x20,0x7D,0xFC,0x11,0x20,0x11,0x24,0xFD,0x24,0x11,0x28,
120         0x11,0x28,0x51,0x10,0x5D,0x94,0x51,0x2C,0x70,0x44,0x50,0x00,0x4F,0xFE,0x80,0x00
121     },
122     {
123         0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x09,0x10,0x09,0x20,
124         0xFF,0xFE,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00
125     },
126     {
127         0x10,0x28,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x20,0x7D,0xFC,0x11,0x20,0x11,0x24,0xFD,0x24,0x11,0x28,
128         0x11,0x28,0x51,0x10,0x5D,0x94,0x51,0x2C,0x70,0x44,0x50,0x00,0x4F,0xFE,0x80,0x00
129     },
130     {
131         0x10,0x00,0x10,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x08,0xFC,0x10,0x24,0x20,0x24,0x20,0x25,0xFE,
132         0x24,0x20,0x48,0x20,0x28,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x28,0x20,0x44,0x20,0x84,0xA0,0x00,0x40
133     },
134     {
135         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
136         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00
137     }
138 };
139 byte leftWords[][16][2]=  //我爱你中国！
140 {
141     {
142         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
143         0x00,0x00,0x1A,0x1C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
144     },
145     {
146         0x04,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x7F,0xC4,0x44,0x04,0x04,0xFF,0x04,0x44,0x34,0x05,0x04,0x00,
147         0x00,0x10,0x12,0x21,0xFE,0x40,0x82,0x02,0x04,0xC8,0x30,0x28,0x44,0x82,0x1F,0x00
148     },
149     {
150         0x01,0x26,0x34,0x2C,0x24,0x24,0x37,0x4C,0x44,0x44,0x4C,0x74,0xC4,0x45,0x06,0x00,
151         0x00,0x82,0x84,0x89,0x91,0xE1,0xB2,0xAA,0xA4,0xA4,0xAA,0xB2,0x81,0x01,0x01,0x00
152     },
153     {
154         0x00,0x01,0x06,0x1F,0xE0,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xF0,0x10,0x13,0x10,0x10,0x14,0x18,0x00,
155         0x80,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x08,0x30,0xC0,0x02,0x01,0xFE,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x00
156     },
157     {
158         0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,
159         0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00
160     },
161     {
162         0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x48,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x4F,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x48,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,
163         0x00,0xFF,0x02,0x12,0x12,0x12,0x12,0xF2,0x12,0x52,0x32,0x12,0x02,0xFF,0x00,0x00
164     },
165     {
166         0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
167         0x00,0x00,0x00,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
168     }
169 };
170 
171 
172 void setup() {
173   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
174   {
175     led.shutdown(i, false);//关闭省电模式，这一步必须做，否则显示不出来
176     led.clearDisplay(i);//清空数据
177   }
178   maxLen = sizeof(words)/sizeof(*words);//计算总的字数
179   row = 16 * (sizeof(topWords) / sizeof(*topWords));
180   col = 16 * (sizeof(leftWords) / sizeof(*leftWords));
181 }
182 
183 void loop() {
184   // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
185   showWordByPtr(led, b); //空心
186   delay(500);
187   for(int i =0;i<5;++i)
188   {
189     showWordByArr(led, a); //实心
190     delay(200);
191     showWordByArr(led, c); //空心取反
192     delay(200);
193   }
194   showWordByArr(led, a); //实心
195   delay(800);
196   showTopMoveWords(led, topWords);
197   delay(500);
198   showWords(led, words);
199   delay(100);
200   showLeftMoveWords(led, leftWords);
201   delay(1000);
202 }
203 
204 void showWordByArr(LedControl led, byte word[][2]) 
205 {
206   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
207   {
208     if (i < 2)
209     {
210       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
211       {
212         led.setRow(i, j, word[j][i]);
213       }
214     }
215     else
216     {
217       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
218       {
219         led.setRow(i, j, word[j + 8][i - 2]);
220       }
221     }
222   }
223 }
224 
225 void showWordByPtr(LedControl led, byte (*word)[2])
226 {
227   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
228   {
229     if (i < 2)
230     {
231       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
232       {
233         led.setRow(i, j, *(*(word + j) + i));
234       }
235     }
236     else
237     {
238       for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
239       {
240         led.setRow(i, j, *(*(word + j + 8) + i - 2));
241       }
242     }
243   }
244 }
245 
246 void showWords(LedControl led, byte (*words)[16][2])
247 {
248   for (int i = 0; i < maxLen; ++i)
249   {
250     showWordByPtr(led, *(words + i));
251     delay(800);
252   }
253 }
254 
255 void showTopMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2])
256 {
257   byte *temp = *(*words); //获取第一个二维数组的第一行的(第一个元素)的指针
258   byte* dump = temp;
259   for(int n =0;n<=row-16;++n)
260   {
261     dump = temp;
262     for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)//共4块8*8led点阵，每块显示完再到下一块
263     {
264       dump = temp;
265       if (i < 2)  //第一、二块的点阵
266       {
267         for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)  //每块点阵共8行，所以循环8次
268         {
269           led.setRow(i, j, *(dump + i));
270           dump+=2;  //指向下一行的第一个位置
271         }
272       }
273       else  //第三、四块点阵显示
274       {
275         dump+=16;  //因为是显示二维数组的后半部分，这里要加一下。
276         for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
277         {
278           led.setRow(i, j, *(dump+i-2));
279           dump+=2;
280         }
281       }
282     }
283     temp += 2;//每次循环完，指向下一行。
284     delay(35); //每次显示之间间隔35ms,这是我自己测试的，如果想要更快或更慢可以相应调整这个参数。
285   }
286 }
287 
288 void showLeftMoveWords(LedControl led, byte(*words)[16][2])
289 {
290     byte* first = *(*words);
291     byte* firstChangeFlag = first + 15;//开始遍历的指针需要变换的标志(也就是当first和firstChangeFlag相等时，说明first需要再偏移17).
292     byte* temp = first; //负责显示第一、二个led点阵的指针
293     byte* temp1 = first + 16; //负责显示第三、四个点阵的指针
294     for (int n = 0; n < col - 16; ++n)
295     {
296         temp = first;
297         temp1 = first + 16;
298         for (int i=0;i<4;++i)
299         {
300             if (i < 2) //第一、二个点阵
301             {
302                 for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
303                 {
304                     led.setColumn(i, j, *temp);
305                     if (temp == firstChangeFlag)
306                     {
307                         temp += 17;
308                     }
309                     else
310                     {
311                         temp++;
312                     }
313                 }
314             }
315             else  //第三、四个点阵
316             {
317                 for (int k=0; k<8; ++k)
318                 {
319                     led.setColumn(i, k, *temp1);
320                     if (temp1 == firstChangeFlag+16)
321                     {
322                         temp1 += 17;
323                     }
324                     else
325                     {
326                         temp1++;
327                     }
328                 }
329             }
330         }
331         if (first == firstChangeFlag)
332         {
333             first += 17;
334             firstChangeFlag = first + 15;
335         }
336         else
337         {
338             first++;
339         }
340         //delay(1000);
341     }
342 }

最后总结一下：

　　1. 汉字的点阵数组是使用16*16字模软件提取出来的，我用的是字模提取 v2.2版本，网上搜一下就有。

　　2. 原来写过的，只是单纯的显示汉字，这次把文字移动显示加上去了。

　　3. 向左移动文字的那个函数想了好久才写出来的，主要是太浮躁了，后来静下心来仔细推敲，是发现指针遍历数组的顺序有问题，这才解决了。

　　4. 通过视频可以看到，向左移动显示的效果还是有点问题的，上面一半的显示和下面一半的显示有一点不同步，难道是处理器跟不上？(自我安慰)。希望有路过大神指点一下。

　　5. 最后要感谢下面的文章，是当初玩点阵入门的时候的参考资料。

LedControl库的使用

Arduino Uno 使用MAX7219驱动单个8*8点阵LED模块 - 凌顺实验室