C++ string中find ,rfind 等函数 用法总结及示例

               
string中 find()的应用  (rfind() 类似,只是从反向查找)
原型如下:
(1)size_t find (const string& str, size_t pos = 0) const;  //查找对象--string类对象
(2)size_t find (const char* s, size_t pos = 0) const; //查找对象--字符串
(3)size_t find (const char* s, size_t pos, size_t n) const;  //查找对象--字符串的前n个字符
(4)size_t find (char c, size_t pos = 0) const;  //查找对象--字符
结果:找到 -- 返回 第一个字符的索引
     没找到--返回   string::npos
 
示例:
#include <iostream>       // std::cout#include <string>         // std::stringint main ()std::string str ("There are two needles in this haystack with needles.")std::string str2 ("needle")// different member versions of find in the same order as above:  std::size_t found = str.find(str2);  if (found!=std::string::npos)    std::cout << "first 'needle' found at: " << found << '\n';  found=str.find("needles are small",found+1,6);  if (found!=std::string::npos)    std::cout << "second 'needle' found at: " << found << '\n';  found=str.find("haystack");  if (found!=std::string::npos)    std::cout << "'haystack' also found at: " << found << '\n';  found=str.find('.');  if (found!=std::string::npos)    std::cout << "Period found at: " << found << '\n'// let's replace the first needle:  str.replace(str.find(str2),str2.length(),"preposition");  //replace 用法  std::cout << str << '\n'return 0;}

结果:
first 'needle' found at: 14
second 'needle' found at: 44
'haystack' also found at: 30
Period found at: 51
There are two prepositions in this haystack with needles
 
 
其他还有  find_first_of(), find_last_of(), find_first_not_of(), find_last_not_of()
作用是查找   字符串中 任一个字符 满足的查找条件
string snake1("cobra");
int where = snake1.find_first_of("hark");
返回3  因为 "hark"中 各一个字符 在 snake1--cobra 中第一次出现的是  字符'r'(3为 cobra 中'r'的索引)
同理:
int where = snake1.find_last_of("hark");
返回4  因为 "hark"中 各一个字符 在 snake1--cobra 中最后一次出现的是  字符'a'(3为 cobra 中'r'的索引)
 
其他同理

           

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转载自blog.csdn.net/yffhhffv/article/details/87868198