尚硅谷springboot学习22-Thymeleaf入门

　　Thymeleaf是一种模板引擎，类似于JSP、Velocity、Freemarker

　　SpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf；

　　语法更简单，功能更强大；

　　1、引入thymeleaf；

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency>
默认版本是2.1.6，切换thymeleaf版本
<properties>
    <thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
    <!-- 布局功能的支持程序  thymeleaf3主程序  layout2以上版本 -->
    <!-- thymeleaf2   layout1-->
    <thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
 </properties>

　　2、Thymeleaf使用

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {

    private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

    private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");

    public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";

    public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";

　　默认在类路径下的templates文件夹的html文件会被Thymeleaf引擎处理，只要我们把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/，thymeleaf就能自动渲染；

　　使用：

　　1）、导入thymeleaf的名称空间

　　这样就会出现代码提示

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

　　2）、使用thymeleaf语法；

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>成功！</h1>
    <!--th:text 将div里面的文本内容设置为 -->
    <div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息</div>
</body>
</html>

　　3）、效果

　　3、语法规则

　　2）、表达式

Simple expressions:（表达式语法）
    Variable Expressions: ${...}：获取变量值；OGNL；
            1）、获取对象的属性、调用方法
            2）、使用内置的基本对象：
                #ctx : the context object.
                #vars: the context variables.
                #locale : the context locale.
                #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
                #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
                #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
                #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
                
                ${session.foo}
            3）、内置的一些工具对象：
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).

    Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}：选择表达式：和${}在功能上是一样；
        补充：配合 th:object="${session.user}：
   <div th:object="${session.user}">
    <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
    <p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
    <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
    </div>
    
    Message Expressions: #{...}：获取国际化内容
    Link URL Expressions: @{...}：定义URL；
            @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
    Fragment Expressions: ~{...}：片段引用表达式
            <div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
            
Literals（字面量）
      Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
      Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
      Boolean literals: true , false
      Null literal: null
      Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:（文本操作）
    String concatenation: +
    Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:（数学运算）
    Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %
    Minus sign (unary operator): -
Boolean operations:（布尔运算）
    Binary operators: and , or
    Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:（比较运算）
    Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
    Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:条件运算（三元运算符）
    If-then: (if) ? (then)
    If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
    Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
    No-Operation: _

　　3）、例子

　　4）、效果

尚硅谷springboot学习22-Thymeleaf入门

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