目 录
1.1 前期规划
01：虚拟机一台,2vCPU,4G内存,分别部署3306和3307两个实例,使用"多配置文件"的方式
02：MySQL程序的安装目录：/data/apps/mysql-5.7.22 要做软件链接：/data/apps/mysql
03：3306实例的配置文件路径为：/data/mysql/3306/my.cnf
04：3307实例的配置文件路径为：/data/mysql/3307/my.cnf
05：3306实例的相关目录：/data/mysql/3306/{data,binlog,slowlog,errlog,redolog }
06：3307实例的相关目录：/data/mysql/3307/{data,binlog,slowlog,errlog,redolog }
07：采用MySQL通用二进制包(mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar)
1.2 系统环境
[root@db01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release;uname -r;uname -m
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64
x86_64
[root@db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.
[root@db01 ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@db01 ~]# ifconfig eth0|awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==2{print $4}'
10.0.0.10
[root@db01 ~]# ifconfig eth1|awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==2{print $4}'
172.16.1.10
[root@db01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 26G 1.5G 23G 6% /
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 976M 38M 888M 5% /boot
/dev/sdb1 50G 52M 47G 1% /data
1.3 软件获取
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1FT4lwzpLq_zup-8bSEx3WA
提取码：ff3h
1.4 安装程序
##卸载系统自带的mysql相关程序
[root@db01 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
[root@db01 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
[root@db01 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
[root@db01 ~]#
##检查是否有libaio软件包（如果没有则用yum install libaio -y命令来安装，前提是要能上网）
[root@db01 ~]# rpm -qa|grep libaio
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
##创建mysql用户，不让其登录，不创建家目录
[root@db01 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@db01 ~]# id mysql
uid=501(mysql) gid=501(mysql) groups=501(mysql)
[root@db01 ~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd
mysql:x:501:501::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin
##创建/data/apps目录和/root/tools目录,上传软件到/root/tools后，解压到/data/apps目录下
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/apps /root/tools
[root@db01 ~]# ls -ld /data/apps/ /root/tools/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 8 23:54 /data/apps/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 8 23:54 /root/tools/
[root@db01 ~]# cd /root/tools/
[root@db01 tools]# rz
[root@db01 tools]# ll mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 643790848 Nov 21 09:47 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@db01 tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /data/apps/
[root@db01 tools]# mv /data/apps/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /data/apps/mysql-5.7.22
[root@db01 tools]# ln -s /data/apps/mysql-5.7.22/ /data/apps/mysql
[root@db01 tools]# ll /data/apps/mysql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Dec 9 00:09 /data/apps/mysql -> /data/apps/mysql-5.7.22/
[root@db01 tools]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/apps/mysql/
[root@db01 tools]# ls -ld /data/apps/mysql/
drwxr-xr-x 9 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 9 00:08 /data/apps/mysql/
[root@db01 tools]# echo "PATH=/data/apps/mysql/bin:$PATH" >>/etc/bashrc
[root@db01 tools]# source /etc/bashrc
[root@db01 tools]# echo $PATH
/data/apps/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
1.5 部署3306实例
1.5.1 创建3306实例相关目录
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir /data/mysql/3306/{data,errlog,binlog,slowlog,redolog} -p
[root@db01 ~]# tree /data/mysql/3306/
/data/mysql/3306/
|-- binlog
|-- data
|-- errlog
|-- redolog
`-- slowlog
5 directories, 0 files
1.5.2 配置3306实例配置文件
[root@db01 ~]# vim /data/mysql/3306/my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
socket=/data/mysql3306/mysql.sock
[mysql]
no_auto_rehash
[mysqld]
###Basic Parameters
user=mysql
port=3306
basedir=/data/apps/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data
socket=/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
pid_file=/data/mysql/3306/mysql.pid
character_set_server=utf8
skip_character_set_client_handshake=1
###Server id
server_id=3306
###Binlog Parameters
log_output=FILE
log_timestamps=system
binlog_format=row
expire_logs_days=15
max_binlog_size=2M
binlog_cache_size=2M
max_binlog_cache_size=4M
sync_binlog=1
master_info_repository=table
binlog_rows_query_log_events=on
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log_bin=/data/mysql/3306/binlog/mysql_bin
###Slowlog Parameters
log_slow_admin_statements=1
slow_query_log=on
long_query_time=2
log_queries_not_using_indexes=on
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/3306/slowlog/mysql_slow.log
###Errlog Parameters
log-error=/data/mysql/3306/errlog/mysql_error.log
###Other Parameters
autocommit=on
skip_external_locking=on
skip_name_resolve=on
max_connections=800
max_connect_errors=1000
max_allowed_packet=200M
wait_timeout=1800
interactive_timeout=1800
open_files_limit=65535
group_concat_max_len=4294967295
symbolic_links=0
transaction_write_set_extraction=off
transaction_isolation=READ-COMMITTED
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
sql_mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER"
###Innodb Parameters
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size=500M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct=40
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_change_buffering=all
innodb_doublewrite=on
innodb_autoextend_increment=64
innodb_temp_data_file_path=ibtmp1:200M:autoextend:max:20G
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:200M;ibdata2:200M;ibdata3:200M:autoextend:max:20G
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_file_size=4G
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_log_group_home_dir=/data/mysql/3306/redolog
innodb_undo_logs=128
innodb_undo_tablespaces=3
innodb_undo_log_truncate=1
innodb_max_undo_log_size=20G
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency=128
innodb_print_all_deadlocks=on
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=5
innodb_deadlock_detect=on
innodb_status_output_locks=on
innodb_strict_mode=1
innodb_sort_buffer_size=64M
innodb_open_files=65535
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_page_cleaners=4
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
show_compatibility_56=on
innodb_lru_scan_depth=2000
innodb_flush_neighbors=1
innodb_purge_threads=4
innodb_large_prefix=1
##创建错误日志文件
[root@db01 ~]# grep "errlog" /data/mysql/3306/my.cnf
log-error=/data/mysql/3306/errlog/mysql_error.log
[root@db01 ~]# touch /data/mysql/3306/errlog/mysql_error.log
[root@db01 ~]# ll /data/mysql/3306/errlog/mysql_error.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 9 00:29 /data/mysql/3306/errlog/mysql_error.log
##更改/data/mysql/3306/目录下所有文件的属主/组为mysql用户
[root@db01 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/3306/
[root@db01 ~]# ls -ld /data/mysql/3306/
drwxr-xr-x 7 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 9 00:25 /data/mysql/3306/
##初始化3306实例
[root@db01 ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/3306/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/data/apps/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data/ --initialize
[root@db01 ~]# echo $?
0
1.5.4 编写3306实例的启动脚本
注意：
01：该脚本中停止mysql的方法为：
mysqladmin -uUser -pPassword -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
02：脚本中有一个Pass变量，就是MySQL root用户的密码
03：当然你也可以设置成其它密码，但必须得改脚本中的Pass变量的值（前提是用这个脚本）
[root@db01 ~]# vim /data/mysql/3306/mysqld
#!/bin/bash
#
# MySQL boot script
# QQ:158316096
# Blog:http://blog.51cto.com/11576296
#
# Define variables
RETVAL=0
Port=3306
User=root
Pass=chenliang
Pid=/data/mysql/3306/mysql.pid
Sock=/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
My=/data/mysql/3306/my.cnf
Path=/data/apps/mysql/bin
# Determine the user to execute
if [ $UID -ne $RETVAL ];then
echo "Must be root to run scripts"
exit 1
fi
# Load the local functions
[ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] && source /etc/init.d/functions
# Define functions
start(){
if [ ! -f "$Pid" ];then
$Path/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$My >/dev/null 2>&1 &
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ];then
action "Start MySQL [3306]" /bin/true
else
action "Start MySQL [3306]" /bin/false
fi
else
echo "MySQL 3306 is running"
exit 1
fi
return $RETVAL
}
stop(){
if [ -f "$Pid" ];then
$Path/mysqladmin -u$User -p$Pass -S $Sock shutdown >/dev/null 2>&1
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ];then
action "Stop MySQL[3306]" /bin/true
else
action "Stop MySQL[3306]" /bin/false
fi
else
echo "MySQL [3306] is not running"
exit 1
fi
return $RETVAL
}
status(){
if [ -f "$Pid" ];then
echo "MySQL [3306] is running"
else
echo "MySQL [3306] is not running"
fi
return $RETVAL
}
# Case call functions
case "$1" in
start)
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
stop)
stop
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
sleep 5
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
status)
status
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo "USAGE:$0{start|stop|restart|status}"
exit 1
esac
# Scripts return values
exit $RETVAL
1.5.5 启动3306实例且修改密码
##设置/data/mysql/3306/mysqld脚本的权限为700（因为脚本中有root用户的密码）
[root@db01 ~]# chmod 700 /data/mysql/3306/mysqld
[root@db01 ~]# ll /data/mysql/3306/mysqld
-rwx------ 1 root root 1897 Dec 9 00:44 /data/mysql/3306/mysqld
##启动3306实例服务
[root@db01 ~]# /data/mysql/3306/mysqld start
Start MySQL [3306] [ OK ]
[root@db01 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 3306
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3442/mysqld
##修改mysql root的密码为chenliang（因为现在为初始密码，必须得先改密码）
[root@db01 ~]# grep "password" /data/mysql/3306/errlog/mysql_error.log
2018-12-09T00:34:38.917317+08:00 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: emo*lwNYj2X0
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
Enter password: <==输入密码emo*lwNYj2X0
mysql>
mysql> select user,host,authentication_string,password_expired from mysql.user where user='root' and host='localhost';
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+
| user | host | authentication_string | password_expired |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+
| root | localhost | *D072DB593E2E7B068E887A452EB1DB3981A5D844 | N |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock -e "show databases;"
Enter password: <==输入密码 chenliang
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
1.5.6 加入开机自启动
[root@db01 ~]# echo -ne "\n# Boot start mysql service[3306].USER:chenliang TIME:2018-11-23\n/data/mysql/3306/mysqld start\n" >>/etc/rc.local
[root@db01 ~]# tail -2 /etc/rc.local
# Boot start mysql service[3306].USER:chenliang TIME:2018-11-23
/data/mysql/3306/mysqld start
1.6 部署3307实例
1.6.1 创建3307实例相关目录
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir /data/mysql/3307/{data,errlog,binlog,slowlog,redolog} -p
[root@db01 ~]# tree /data/mysql/3307/
/data/mysql/3307/
|-- binlog
|-- data
|-- errlog
|-- redolog
`-- slowlog
5 directories, 0 files
1.6.2 配置3307实例配置文件
[root@db01 ~]# vim /data/mysql/3307/my.cnf
[client]
port=3307
socket=/data/mysql3307/mysql.sock
[mysql]
no_auto_rehash
[mysqld]
###Basic Parameters
user=mysql
port=3307
basedir=/data/apps/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data
socket=/data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
pid_file=/data/mysql/3307/mysql.pid
character_set_server=utf8
skip_character_set_client_handshake=1
###Server id
server_id=3307
###Binlog Parameters
log_output=FILE
log_timestamps=system
binlog_format=row
expire_logs_days=15
max_binlog_size=2M
binlog_cache_size=2M
max_binlog_cache_size=4M
sync_binlog=1
master_info_repository=table
binlog_rows_query_log_events=on
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log_bin=/data/mysql/3307/binlog/mysql_bin
###Slowlog Parameters
log_slow_admin_statements=1
slow_query_log=on
long_query_time=2
log_queries_not_using_indexes=on
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/3307/slowlog/mysql_slow.log
###Errlog Parameters
log-error=/data/mysql/3307/errlog/mysql_error.log
###Other Parameters
autocommit=on
skip_external_locking=on
skip_name_resolve=on
max_connections=800
max_connect_errors=1000
max_allowed_packet=200M
wait_timeout=1800
interactive_timeout=1800
open_files_limit=65535
group_concat_max_len=4294967295
symbolic_links=0
transaction_write_set_extraction=off
transaction_isolation=READ-COMMITTED
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
sql_mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER"
###Innodb Parameters
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size=500M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct=40
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_change_buffering=all
innodb_doublewrite=on
innodb_autoextend_increment=64
innodb_temp_data_file_path=ibtmp1:200M:autoextend:max:20G
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:200M;ibdata2:200M;ibdata3:200M:autoextend:max:20G
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_file_size=4G
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_log_group_home_dir=/data/mysql/3307/redolog
innodb_undo_logs=128
innodb_undo_tablespaces=3
innodb_undo_log_truncate=1
innodb_max_undo_log_size=20G
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency=128
innodb_print_all_deadlocks=on
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=5
innodb_deadlock_detect=on
innodb_status_output_locks=on
innodb_strict_mode=1
innodb_sort_buffer_size=64M
innodb_open_files=65535
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_page_cleaners=4
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
show_compatibility_56=on
innodb_lru_scan_depth=2000
innodb_flush_neighbors=1
innodb_purge_threads=4
innodb_large_prefix=1
1.6.3 初始化准备并且初始化
##创建错误日志文件
[root@db01 ~]# grep "errlog" /data/mysql/3307/my.cnf
log-error=/data/mysql/3307/errlog/mysql_error.log
[root@db01 ~]# touch /data/mysql/3307/errlog/mysql_error.log
[root@db01 ~]# ll /data/mysql/3307/errlog/mysql_error.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 9 01:08 /data/mysql/3307/errlog/mysql_error.log
##更改/data/mysql/3307/目录下所有文件的属主/组为mysql用户
[root@db01 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/3307/
[root@db01 ~]# ls -ld /data/mysql/3307/
drwxr-xr-x 7 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 9 01:06 /data/mysql/3307/
##初始化3307实例
[root@db01 ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/3307/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/data/apps/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data/ --initialize
[root@db01 ~]# echo $?
0
1.6.4 编写3307实例的启动脚本
注意：
01：该脚本中停止mysql的方法为：
mysqladmin -uUser -pPassword -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
02：脚本中有一个Pass变量，就是MySQL root用户的密码
03：当然你也可以设置成其它密码，但必须得改脚本中的Pass变量的值（前提是用这个脚本）
[root@db01 ~]# vim /data/mysql/3307/mysqld
#!/bin/bash
#
# MySQL boot script
# QQ:158316096
# Blog:http://blog.51cto.com/11576296
#
# Define variables
RETVAL=0
Port=3307
User=root
Pass=chenliang
Pid=/data/mysql/3307/mysql.pid
Sock=/data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
My=/data/mysql/3307/my.cnf
Path=/data/apps/mysql/bin
# Determine the user to execute
if [ $UID -ne $RETVAL ];then
echo "Must be root to run scripts"
exit 1
fi
# Load the local functions
[ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] && source /etc/init.d/functions
# Define functions
start(){
if [ ! -f "$Pid" ];then
$Path/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$My >/dev/null 2>&1 &
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ];then
action "Start MySQL [3307]" /bin/true
else
action "Start MySQL [3307]" /bin/false
fi
else
echo "MySQL 3307 is running"
exit 1
fi
return $RETVAL
}
stop(){
if [ -f "$Pid" ];then
$Path/mysqladmin -u$User -p$Pass -S $Sock shutdown >/dev/null 2>&1
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ];then
action "Stop MySQL[3307]" /bin/true
else
action "Stop MySQL[3307]" /bin/false
fi
else
echo "MySQL [3307] is not running"
exit 1
fi
return $RETVAL
}
status(){
if [ -f "$Pid" ];then
echo "MySQL [3307] is running"
else
echo "MySQL [3307] is not running"
fi
return $RETVAL
}
# Case call functions
case "$1" in
start)
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
stop)
stop
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
sleep 5
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
status)
status
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo "USAGE:$0{start|stop|restart|status}"
exit 1
esac
# Scripts return values
exit $RETVAL
1.6.5 启动3307实例且修改密码
##设置/data/mysql/3307/mysqld脚本的权限为700（因为脚本中有root用户的密码）
[root@db01 ~]# chmod 700 /data/mysql/3307/mysqld
[root@db01 ~]# ll /data/mysql/3307/mysqld
-rwx------ 1 root root 1897 Dec 9 01:18 /data/mysql/3307/mysqld
##启动3307实例
[root@db01 ~]# /data/mysql/3307/mysqld start
Start MySQL [3307] [ OK ]
[root@db01 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 3307
tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 4709/mysqld
##修改mysql root的密码为chenliang（因为现在为初始密码，必须得先改密码）
[root@db01 ~]# grep "password" /data/mysql/3307/errlog/mysql_error.log
2018-12-09T01:14:15.815156+08:00 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: >G(pEA)ao5H+
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
Enter password: <==输入密码>G(pEA)ao5H+
mysql>
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'chenliang';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> select user,host,authentication_string,password_expired from mysql.user where user='root' and host='localhost';
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+
| user | host | authentication_string | password_expired |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+
| root | localhost | *D072DB593E2E7B068E887A452EB1DB3981A5D844 | N |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql.sock -e "show databases;"
Enter password: <==输入密码chenliang
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
1.6.6 加入开机自启动
[root@db01 ~]# echo -ne "\n# Boot start mysql service[3307].USER:chenliang TIME:2018-11-23\n/data/mysql/3307/mysqld start\n" >>/etc/rc.local
[root@db01 ~]# tail -2 /etc/rc.local
# Boot start mysql service[3307].USER:chenliang TIME:2018-11-23
/data/mysql/3307/mysqld start
1.7 查看3306和3307实例的运行情况
[root@db01 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 330*
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3442/mysqld
tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 4709/mysqld
[root@db01 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep mysql
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3442/mysqld
tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 4709/mysqld