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参考链接
Install OpenCV 4 on Ubuntu 18.04 (C++ and Python)
安装依赖
按照参考链接中的内容，安装依赖项，可能需要根据个人情况进行修改，以下是我安装的内容：
// Step 1: Update Packages
sudo apt -y update
sudo apt -y upgrade
// Step 2: Install OS Libraries
## Install dependencies
sudo apt -y install build-essential checkinstall cmake pkg-config yasm
sudo apt -y install git gfortran
sudo apt -y install libjpeg8-dev libpng-dev
sudo apt -y install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt -y update
sudo apt -y install libjasper1
sudo apt -y install libtiff-dev
sudo apt -y install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt -y install libxine2-dev libv4l-dev
sudo apt -y install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev
sudo apt -y install libgtk2.0-dev libtbb-dev qt5-default
sudo apt -y install libatlas-base-dev
sudo apt -y install libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libtheora-dev
sudo apt -y install libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev
sudo apt -y install libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev
sudo apt -y install libavresample-dev
sudo apt -y install x264 v4l-utils
# Optional dependencies
sudo apt -y install libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt -y install libgoogle-glog-dev libgflags-dev
sudo apt -y install libgphoto2-dev libeigen3-dev libhdf5-dev doxygen
编译
- 下载OpenCV源码：opencv + opencv_contrib
// opencv
git clone [email protected]:opencv/opencv.git
// opencv_contrib
git clone [email protected]:opencv/opencv_contrib.git
此时的目录结构为：
~/Downloads/opencv
~/Downloads/opencv_contrib
在opencv目录下建立build目录：
cd opencv
mkdir build
cd build
执行CMake：
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILE_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON -D BUILD_TIFF=ON -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib/modules -D BUILE_EXAMPLES=ON ..
这里的cmake选项可能会影响后面make能否顺利通过。
这里我指定了opencv的install path为/usr/local/opencv，opencv_contrib的源码路径在…/…/opencv_contrib/modules。
第一次我没有加入-D BUILD_TIFF=ON选项，导致make过程中找不到tiff的库文件，解决方法就是增加这个选项。
然后make，make install即可。
CMake构建首个工程
工程目录结构如下：
project_dir/bin
project_dir/build
project_dir/src
project_dir/CMakeLists.txt
其中，src目录存放源码，编译结果存放在build目录下，bin目录存放可执行文件。
project_dir/CMakeLists.txt内容如下：
# project name
PROJECT(HELLO_WORLD)
# requirement of cmake version
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 3.5)
# set the directory of executable files (指定可执行文件的路径为bin目录)
SET(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)
# add source code files to SRC_LIST (添加源码文件)
SET(SRC_LIST ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main.cpp)
# find required opencv (cmake可以自动寻找OpenCV相关路径)
FIND_PACKAGE(OpenCV REQUIRED)
# directory of opencv headers (OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS是cmake自动找到的目录)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})
# name of executable file and path of source file (指定可执行文件的名称为helloopencv以及源码文件)
ADD_EXECUTABLE(helloopencv ${SRC_LIST})
# directory of opencv library (OpenCV_LIBRARY_DIRS是cmake自动找到的目录)
LINK_DIRECTORIES(${OpenCV_LIBRARY_DIRS})
# opencv libraries (指定链接的对象)
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(helloopencv ${OpenCV_LIBS})
执行cmake ..即可。
最后，在bin目录下执行helloopencv即可。
main.cpp的内容如下：
#include <iostream>
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
Mat src_image = imread("../test.png");
imshow("", src_image);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}