Linux系统：
1.准本工作
Maven下载地址：http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.3.9/binaries/apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz
Linux命令下载：wget [下载文件存放路径] [下载文件地址]
安装路径（我的）：/usr/maven(新建的)
[root@centos6 var]# wget /usr/maven http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.3.9/binaries/apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz
/var: Scheme missing.
--2016-11-03 15:02:40-- http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.3.9/binaries/apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz
Resolving mirror.bit.edu.cn... 114.247.56.117
Connecting to mirror.bit.edu.cn|114.247.56.117|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 8491533 (8.1M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: “apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz”
100%[============================================================>] 8,491,533 9.26M/s in 0.9s
2016-11-03 15:02:41 (9.26 MB/s) - “apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz” saved [8491533/8491533]
FINISHED --2016-11-03 15:02:41--
Downloaded: 1 files, 8.1M in 0.9s (9.26 MB/s)2.解压下载文件
[root@centos6 var]# tar -zvxf apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz
3.配置环境变量
[root@centos6 etc]# vi /etc/profile
3.1 追加如下内容：export MAVEN_HOME=/var/apache-maven-3.3.9
export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
3.2 让系统重新加载/etc/profile
[root@centos6 apache-maven-3.3.9]# source /etc/profile
4.验证Maven是否安装成功[root@centos6 apache-maven-3.3.9]# mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.3.9 (bb52d8502b132ec0a5a3f4c09453c07478323dc5; 2015-11-11T00:41:47+08:00)
Maven home: /var/apache-maven-3.3.9
Java version: 1.8.0_92, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_92/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "2.6.32-642.6.1.el6.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"