Spring Cloud进阶之路

其他 2020-04-05 17:23:03 阅读次数: 0

网关

API 网关可以对所有的 API 请求进行管理维护，相当于为系统开放出一个统一的接口，所有的外部请求只需要访问这个统一的入口即可，系统内部再通过 API 网关去映射不同的微服务。对于开发者而言就不需要关注具体的微服务 URL 了，直接访问 API 网关接口即可。

spring cloud zuul

pom.xml

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8030
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
zuul:
  routes:
    provider: /p/**
    consumer: /c/**

Zuul自带负载均衡功能

Ribbon负载均衡

Load Balancing

Netflix Ribbon 对 HTTP 请求进行控制的负载均衡客户端。

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<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8040
spring:
  application:
    name: ribbon
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Feign

声明式接口调用，提供模版的声明式 Web Service 客户端，开发者可以通过简单的接口和注解来调用 HTTP API。

pom.xml

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

server:
  port: 8050
spring:
  application:
    name: feign
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

FeignClient

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import java.util.Collection;

@FeignClient(value = "provider")
public interface FeignProviderClient {

    @GetMapping("/student/findAll")
    public Collection<Student> findAll();

    @GetMapping("/student/index")
    public String index();
}

Feign 容错机制

如果服务提供者 provider 出现故障导致无法访问，直接访问会报错。

server:
  port: 8050
spring:
  application:
    name: feign
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Collection;

@Component
public class FeignError implements FeignProviderClient {
    @Override
    public Collection<Student> findAll() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String index() {
        return "服务器正在维护......";
    }
}

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import java.util.Collection;

@FeignClient(value = "provider",fallback = FeignError.class)
public interface FeignProviderClient {

    @GetMapping("/student/findAll")
    public Collection<Student> findAll();

    @GetMapping("/student/index")
    public String index();
}

Hystrix 容错监控机制

数据监控

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

server:
  port: 8060
spring:
  application:
    name: hystrix
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: 'hystrix.stream'

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableCircuitBreaker
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

@FeignClient(value = "provider")
public interface FeignProviderClient {

    @GetMapping("/student/index")
    public String index();
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hystrix")
public class HystrixHandler {

    @Autowired
    private FeignProviderClient feignProviderClient;

    @GetMapping("/index")
    public String index(){
        return feignProviderClient.index();
    }
}

Spring Cloud Config

本地配置

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

server:
  port: 8762
spring:
  application:
    name: nativeconfigserver
  profiles:
    active: native
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        native:
          search-locations: classpath:/shared

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

spring:
  application:
    name: configclient
  profiles:
    active: dev
  cloud:
    config:
      uri: http://localhost:8762
      fail-fast: true

远程配置

1、在父工程创建 config 文件夹，创建配置文件 configclient.yml

 server:
      port: 8070
    foo: foo version 1

2、将 config 上传至 GitHub，作为远程配置文件。

3、创建 ConfigServer

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

  server:
      port: 8888
    spring:
      application:
        name: configserver
      cloud:
        config:
          server:
            git:
              uri: https://github.com/test/76.git
              search-paths: config
              username: root
              passphrase: root
          label: master
    eureka:
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

创建 Config Client

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

spring:
  cloud:
    config:
      name: configclient
      label: master
      discovery:
        enabled: true
        service-id: configserver
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

Zipkin 服务跟踪

Zipkin Server

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
    <artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.4</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
    <artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.4</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

server:
  port: 9090

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZipkinServer
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

Zipkin Client

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

server:
  port: 8090
spring:
  application:
    name: zipkinclient
  sleuth:
    web:
      client:
        enabled: true
    sampler:
      probability: 1.0
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9090/
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/zipkin")
public class ZipkinHandler {    
	@Value("${server.port}")    
	private String port;    
	@GetMapping("/index")    
	public String index(){        
		return this.port;   
	}
}
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