MongoDB常用命令大全

------mongodb启动 start----------
mongod -dbpath "D:\Program File\mongodb\data\db"
mongo
mongod --config "D:\Program File\mongodb\mongo.config" --install --serviceName "MongoDB" --journal  
------mongodb启动 end----------

命令来源-IT培训，软件开发


notes：mongo基于javascript的语法，MongoDb客户端：Robomongo
一、mongodb连接(port:27017)
    mongo
    
二、数据库操作
    help
    use newdb
    show dbs                 数据库为空的不会显示
    db.dropDatabase();       删除数据库
    db.getName();            当前使用的是哪个数据库
    db                       同上
    db.stats();              状态
    db.version();            版本号
    db.getMongo()            机器地址
    db.cloneDatabase(“127.0.0.1”);                 从指定主机上克隆数据库
    db.copyDatabase("mydb", "temp", "127.0.0.1");  克隆指定数据库
    db.repairDatabase();     修复当前数据库
    
三、集合基本操作
    db.createCollection("test",{size:20, capped:true, max:100})
    db.getCollection("test");       指定集合
    db.getCollectionNames();        所有集合
    show collections                同上
    db.printCollectionStats();      所有集合状态
    db.collection.drop()            删除集合
    
四、文档查
    db.userInfo.find();  
    db.userInfo.distinct("name");                //distinct name
    db.userInfo.find({"age": 22});               //age = 22
    db.userInfo.find({age: {$gt: 22}});          //age > 22
    db.userInfo.find({age: {$lt: 22}});          //age < 22
    db.userInfo.find({age: {$gte: 25}});         //age >= 25
    db.userInfo.find({age: {$lte: 25}});         //age <= 25
    db.userInfo.find({age: {$gte: 23, $lte: 26}}); //age >= 23 并且 age <= 26
    db.userInfo.find({name: /mongo/});           //name like '%mongo%'
    db.userInfo.find({name: /^mongo/});          //name like 'mongo%'
    db.userInfo.find({}, {name: 1, age: 1});     //select name, age
    db.userInfo.find({age: {$gt: 25}}, {name: 1, age: 1}); // select name, age from userInfo where age > 25;
    db.userInfo.find().sort({age: 1});           //升序
    db.userInfo.find().sort({age: -1});          //降序
    db.userInfo.find({name: 'zhangsan', age: 22});  // name = 'zhangsan' and age = '22';
    db.userInfo.find().limit(5);                 //limit 0,5
    db.userInfo.find().skip(10);                 //大于10条
    db.userInfo.find().limit(10).skip(5);        //limit 5,10
    db.userInfo.find({$or: [{age: 22}, {age: 25}]});   //age = 22 or age = 25
    db.userInfo.findOne();                       //limit 0,1
    db.userInfo.find({age: {$gte: 25}}).count();  //select count(*) from userInfo where age >= 25
    db.userInfo.find({sex: {$exists: true}}).count();  //select count(sex) from userInfo;
        
    
五、文档增删改
    ----增加---
    db.users.save({name: 'zhangsan', age: 25, sex: true});                  //保存
    
    ---修改----
    db.users.update({age: 25}, {$set: {name: 'changeName'}}, false, true);  //set: name = 'changeName'
    db.users.update({name: 'Lisi'}, {$inc: {age: 50}}, false, true);        //inc: age = age + 50
    db.users.update({name: 'Lisi'}, {$inc: {age: 50}, $set: {name: 'hoho'}}, false, true);  //set,inc
    
    ---删除----
    db.users.remove({age: 132});
    
    ---查询修改删除
     db.users.findAndModify({
        query: {age: {$gte: 25}}, 
        sort: {age: -1}, 
        update: {$set: {name: 'a2'}, $inc: {age: 2}},
        remove: true
    });
    
    db.runCommand({ findandmodify : "users", 
        query: {age: {$gte: 25}}, 
        sort: {age: -1}, 
        update: {$set: {name: 'a2'}, $inc: {age: 2}},
        remove: true
    });
    
    
    
六、用户操作
    db.createUser( { user: "accountUser", pwd: "password", roles: [ "readWrite", "dbAdmin" ] } )
    show users;                    //显示用户
    db.auth("userName","123321");  //数据库认证，安全模式
    db.removeUser("userName");     //删除用户
    db.getPrevError();             //查询之前的错误信息
    db.resetError();               //清除错误记录
    
    

七、索引
    db.userInfo.ensureIndex({name: 1});             //创建索引
    db.userInfo.ensureIndex({name: 1, ts: -1});
    
    db.userInfo.getIndexes();                       //所有索引
    db.userInfo.totalIndexSize();                   //总共索引大小
    db.users.reIndex();                             //当前集合的所有索引信息
    db.users.dropIndex("name_1");                   //删除索引
    db.users.dropIndexes();                         //删除所有索引
    
    
八、Javascript常用编程
    print("Hello World!");       简单Hello World
    tojson(new Object('a'));     将一个对象转换成json
    for (var i = 0; i < 30; i++){ 循环添加数据
        db.users.save({name: "u_" + i, age: 22 + i, sex: i % 2});
    }
    
    var cursor = db.users.find();        find 游标查询
    db.users.find().forEach(printjson);  forEach迭代循环
    var cursor = db.users.find();        将find游标当数组处理
    var arr = db.users.find().toArray(); 将find游标转换成数组
    db.users.find({age: {$lte: 28}}, {age: 1}).forEach(printjson);     定制我们自己的查询结果
    db.things.find({x:4}).forEach(function(x) {print(tojson(x));});    forEach传递函数显示信息